Physical Setting: CHEMISTRY August 13, 2003 Exam

Which electron transition represents a gain of energy?
1. from 2nd to 3rd shell
2. from 2nd to 1st shell
3. from 3rd to 2nd shell
4. from 3rd to 1st shell
Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
1. electrons, only
2. neutrons, only
3. protons and electrons
4. protons and neutrons
What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom of sulfur in the ground state?
1. 6
2. 8
3. 3
4. 4
An electron has a charge of
1. –1 and the same mass as a proton
2. +1 and the same mass as a proton
3. –1 and a smaller mass than a proton
4. +1 and a smaller mass than a proton
The elements in the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing
1. atomic number
2. atomic radius
3. mass number
4. neutron number
What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound NH₄Cl?
1. nitrogen chloride
2. nitrogen chlorate
3. ammonium chloride
4. ammonium chlorate
Which element is a solid at STP?
1. H₂
2. N₂
3. I₂
4. O₂
In which compound is the percent by mass of oxygen greatest?
1. BeO
2. MgO
3. CaO
4. SrO
Based on Reference Table F, which of these salts is the best electrolyte?
1. sodium nitrate
2. magnesium carbonate
3. silver chloride
4. barium sulfate
What is conserved during a chemical reaction?
1. mass, only
2. charge, only
3. both mass and charge
4. neither mass nor charge
Which type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
1. covalent
2. ionic
3. hydrogen
4. metallic
Which Lewis electron-dot structure is drawn correctly for the atom it represents?
What occurs when an atom of chlorine forms a chloride ion?
1. The chlorine atom gains an electron, and its radius becomes smaller.
2. The chlorine atom gains an electron, and its radius becomes larger.
3. The chlorine atom loses an electron, and its radius becomes smaller.
4. The chlorine atom loses an electron, and its radius becomes larger.
Which substance can not be decomposed by a chemical change?
1. Ne
2. N₂O
3. HF
4. H₂O
Which of these substances has the strongest intermolecular forces?
1. H₂O
2. H₂S
3. H₂Se
4. H₂Te
A real gas behaves more like an ideal gas when the gas molecules are
1. close and have strong attractive forces between them
2. close and have weak attractive forces between them
3. far apart and have strong attractive forces between them
4. far apart and have weak attractive forces between them
Which phase change is an exothermic process?
Which of these contains only one substance?
1. distilled water
2. sugar water
3. saltwater
4. rainwater
In which group of the Periodic Table do most of the elements exhibit both positive and negative oxidation states?
1. 17
2. 2
3. 12
4. 7
At the same temperature and pressure, 1.0 liter of CO(g) and 1.0 liter of CO₂(g) have
1. equal masses and the same number of molecules
2. different masses and a different number of molecules
3. equal volumes and the same number of molecules
4. different volumes and a different number of molecules
Which type of reaction occurs when nonmetal atoms become negative nonmetal ions?
1. oxidation
2. reduction
3. substitution
4. condensation
Given the reaction:
Once equilibrium is reached, which statement is accurate?
1. The concentration of Ag⁺(aq) is greater than the concentration of Cl^–(aq).
2. The AgCl(s) will be completely consumed.
3. The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
4. The entropy of the forward reaction will
  continue to decrease.
Which structural formula correctly represents a hydrocarbon molecule?
Given the structural formulas for two organic compounds:
and The differences in their physical and chemical properties are primarily due to their
different
1. number of carbon atoms
2. number of hydrogen atoms
3. molecular masses
4. functional groups
Which structural formula represents a molecule that is not an isomer of pentane?
The bonds in the compound MgSO₄ can be described as
1. ionic, only
2. covalent, only
3. both ionic and covalent
4. neither ionic nor covalent
Given the reaction: Which statement correctly describes what occurs when this reaction takes place in a closed system?
1. Atoms of Zn(s) lose electrons and are oxidized.
2. Atoms of Zn(s) gain electrons and are reduced.
3. There is a net loss of mass.
4. There is a net gain of mass.